Peridot Sterling Silver Jewellery Etymology Half II - The Pitchdah In The First Temples Breastplate

Peridot Sterling Silver Jewellery Etymology Half II - The Pitchdah In The First Temples Breastplate

Peridot Etymology: The True Identification Of The Pitdah

In 300B.C., the Septuagint rabbis translated the traditional Hebrew gem 'Pitdah' featured in Aaron's breastplate because the Greek 'Topazion,' this was the phrase for Peridot. Nonetheless, after contemplating that the 'Pitdah' denoted a gem in existence on the time of the Exodus in 1444B.C., And that the Peridot was unknown previous to 300B.C., there could possibly be little doubt that the Septuagint rabbis' identification of the 'Pitdah' as 'Topazion,' (Peridot), was mistaken.

Aramaic, Hebrew, Greek, Latin and subsequent trendy language strains akin to French and English all share the identical etymological roots coming from the primary language: Proto-Indo-European (PIE). This precursory language, courting again to the Neolithic Period circa three,500 BC, was the foundation of all languages ​​from Europe to India. Apart from the European and western Asian languages, PIE influenced the Indian language of Sanskrit. Sanskrit exists concurrently the Hebrew and Aramaic languages ​​from which the Septuagint translated the Previous Testomony.

The traditional Hebrew phrase 'Pitdah', the second gemstone appropriated to the Israeli tribe of Simeon in Aaron's breastplate, shares the identical (PIE) roots because the Sanskrit phrase 'Pita': which suggests 'Yellow'. From this frequent denominator, the Tiffany mineralogist GFKunz surmises that the Septuagint's translation of the unique 'Pitdah' within the breastplate being 'Topazion' ( Peridot ) was inaccurate. Kunz, in his e-book on valuable gems, states that the 'Pitdah' of Aaron's unique breastplate was most likely a yellow or mild inexperienced serpentine, a gem in frequent utilization in historic Egypt on the time of the exodus known as 'Meh' . In his e-book, the 'Curious Lore Of Treasured Stones' written in 1913, Kunz proffers a extra credible translation of all 12 gems of the breastplate based mostly on their prevalence in Egypt on the time of the exodus:

12 Gems Of The Breastplate In Existence In Egypt Circa 1444 BC

------- Gems In ----- Gems In ----- Kunz's Translation

------- English ------ Egyptian ----- Of The 12 Gems

1). Odem ------- Chenem -------- Pink Jasper 2). * Pitdah ----- * Meh ------- * Yellow Septentine three). Bareketh ------ Uat ---------- Inexperienced Feldspar four). Nophak ------ Nophek ------- Almandine Garnet 5). Sappir ------- Chesbet ------- Lapis Lazuli 6). Yahalom ------ ****** -------- Onyx 7). Leshem ------ Neshem ------- Brown Agate eight). Shebo ------- ******* -------- Banded Agate 9). Ahlamah ----- Hemeg -------- Amethyst 10). Tarshish ---- Thehen ------ Yellow Jasper 11). Shoham ----- Mafek -------- Malachite 12). Yashpheh --- Yashpu ------- Inexperienced Jasper

So When Did Peridot First Seem In The Breastplate?

In accordance with the Previous Testomony, after the Exodus in 1444B.C, Aaron's unique breastplate made its option to Jerusalem. It was right here, together with the Urim and Thummim, the Ark of the Covenant and the Ten Commandments that the breastplate was housed in Solomon's Temple: often known as Jerusalem's 'First Temple'. The temple was destroyed and plundered by the Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar in 586 BC, and its relics misplaced to historical past.

Later within the fifth Century BC the 'Second Temple', a reconstruction of the primary, was inbuilt Jerusalem. Someday after second breastplate was additionally made, and it's believed that the gems included on this have been of far higher worth and sturdiness than these of the unique breastplate made on the time of the exodus.

In 70 AD, 600 years after the creation of the 'Second Temple,' the Romans just like the Babylonians earlier than them destroyed Jerusalem after quelling the Jewish revolt. The Romans, led by Titus and Vespasian, plundered the 'Second Temple', taking its treasures together with the second breastplate again to Rome. This truth is attested to within the writings of one of many Jewish leaders of the revolve taken prisoner by the Romans: the historian Josephus. Josephus was a 1st century Jewish historian of some rank, descended from a line of excessive practices, who in 90 AD attests to seeing 'Topazion' within the Second Temple's breastplate, which he noticed housed on the Temple of Harmony constructed by Vespasian.

On the identical time of Josephus there lived a Roman scholar known as Pliny. Pliny was the writer of the world's first encyclopedia entitled 'Pure Historical past.' In his encyclopaedia (Guide 37 Chapter 32) Pliny describes the gem 'Topazion' as seen by Josephus: "Topazion is a stone that's nonetheless held in very excessive estimation for its inexperienced tints: certainly, when it was first found, it was most popular to each different type of valuable stone. " Within the passage, Pliny clearly states the 'Topazion' as being inexperienced, and never yellow.

In the identical passage, Pliny makes a key assertion referring to 'Topazion': "... when it was first found ..." This, as we will see is the important thing: Firstly to giving virtually conclusive proof that the Septuagints' 300 BC translation of 'Pitdah' as 'Topazion' was mistaken, and secondly to giving the actual identification of the 'Topazion' gemstone.

Learn Peridot Sterling Silver Jewellery Etymology Half I - Within the Starting

Learn Peridot Sterling Silver Jewellery Etymology Half III - The Topazion In The Second Temples

Learn Peridot Sterling Silver Jewellery Etymology Half IV - The Origins Of The Phrase Peridot

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